In ancient Rome, an augur was a specialized priest who was consulted to translate omens and to use various forms of divination to decide the proper course of action.
Usually, the augur observed the behavior of birds but might find other portents significant as well.
Augurs were often consulted on matters of state, including military matters and taking the auspices was a ceremonial part of just about any important decision-making for the state and for private citizens.